The Long Range Identification and Tracking (LRIT) system is a global tracking system mandated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to enhance maritime security and safety. It allows ships to transmit their identity and location at regular intervals to authorized authorities, including flag states, port states, and coastal states. LRIT is primarily used for monitoring the movement of vessels beyond coastal Automatic Identification System (AIS) range. The system operates via satellite communication, ensuring seamless data transmission. Unlike AIS, which provides real-time location information to nearby ships, LRIT data is only accessible to authorized entities. This system is crucial for search and rescue operations, environmental protection, and ensuring compliance with international regulations. Ships required to comply with LRIT regulations include passenger ships, cargo ships over 300 gross tonnage, and mobile offshore drilling units. The LRIT system comprises onboard transmitters, satellite communication links, and data centers that collect and distribute information. Data is transmitted in encrypted form to ensure security and confidentiality. Compliance with LRIT requirements is essential for ship operators to avoid penalties and ensure smooth international operations. The system is an integral part of the broader maritime surveillance network, supporting global efforts to enhance safety and security at sea.
